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London, April 3.—At the Central Criminal Court trial of the action of Oscar Wilde against the Marquis of Queensberry for libel was begun.

The Marquis of Queensberry entered the dock, and pleaded not guilty, adding that the so-called libel was true, and had been made known in the interest of public morality.

Sir Edward Clarke reviewed the evidence taken in the Police Court, dwelling upon the writing on the card, which constituted the libel complained of. This writing alleged that Mr. Wilde had been posing immorally. The case was not concluded.

LONDON, April 3. -- The Central Criminal Court, Old Bailey, was packed with people long before the hour of opening, 10:30 A. M. to-day. The attraction was the trial of the action of Oscar Wilde against the Marquis of Queensberry for libel. Justice Collins took his seat on the bench promptly.

The prosecution was conducted by Sir Edward Clarke, Q. C , M. P., and the Marquis of Queensberry was defended by Mr. Edward H. Carson, Q. C, M. P. Lawyer Besley watched the proceedings on behalf of Lord Douglas of Hawick.

Oscar Wilde, wearing a light blue over-coat, entered the court room in the company of his solicitor, Mr. Humphreys. He had an air of unconcern, while everybody stared at him.

The Marquis of Queensberry entered the dock, and, in answer to the usual questions, pleaded not guilty, adding that the so-called libel was true and had been made known in the interest of public morality.

Sir Edward Clarke reviewed the evidence taken in the police court. It would be noticed, he said, that it was not charged that there was any actual offense, but the gravity of the case consisted in the fact that the libels complained of had extended over a long period of time.

He said that Mr. Wilde had been a friend of the Queensberry family until 1890, when he learned that offensive statements were being made against him by a man named Wood, who had either stolen or found some letters written by Mr. Wilde to Lord Alfred Douglas. Wood offered to return these letters for money, and afterward, at Wood's earnest entreaty, Mr. Wilde paid his fare to America. Later, Air. Wilde learned that two men named Knebly and Allen pretended to have in their possession compromising letters, but Mr.- Wilde refused to purchase them. Mr. Wilde, he said, admitted having written in 1893 a most extravagant letter to Lord Alfred Douglas, in answer to a poem by the latter. Despite the sentiments expressed in this letter, the jury must take into consideration the artistic circle in which Mr. Wilde moved. Mr. Wilde himself described the letter as a "prose sonnet."

In 1893, Sir Edward said, the Marquis of Queensberry openly libeled Mr. Wilde in the latter's own house, and was shown the door in the presence of the servants and refused further admittance. The annoyance was aggravated by the behavior of the Marquis of Queensberry on the first night of the production of any of Mr. Wilde's plays.

The Marquis, Sir Edward Clarke said, now attacked Mr. Wilde respecting his " Dorian Grey," and his articles in The Chameleon. Mr. Wilde was then called to the stand and detailed his relations with the family of the Marquis.

Mr. Wilde testified that Wood produced three letters, which were of no importance. Afterward, in response to a strong appeal from Wood, he gave him £15 with which to go to America. Later Allen brought to him a copy of one of these letters, which had been sent to Mr. Beerbohm Tree. Allen demanded £60 for the letter. Mr. Wilde laughed at him, and refused to pay the money, saying he had never received as much as £60 for his own short prose writings. He told Allen he had better sell the letter to somebody else. Subsequently he gave Allen a half sovereign, for himself.

Mr. Tree had handed him (Wilde) what purported to be a copy of a letter written by Mr. Wilde. When the Marquis of Queensbury called at his house in 1893, Mr. Wilde asked him whether he had come to apologize, but Queensbury, instead of apologizing, became abusive. Mr. Wilde replied to the Marquis: "I don't know the Queensbury rules, but the Oscar Wilde rules are short and at sight. The letters you have written about me are infamous." In the hall he said to a servant: "This is the Marquis of Queensbury, the most infamous brute in London. Do not let him enter the house again."

Mr. Wilde said that he had no connection with The Chameleon, and strongly disapproved of the article entitled. "Priest and Acolyte." which had been published therein. As regarded "Dorian Grey," Mr. Wilde said it had first appeared as a serial in an American magazine, but had been altered when published in book form.

Cross-examined by Mr. Carson, Mr. Wilde admitted that he was aware that Lord Alfred had written articles in The Chameleon. He regarded portions of "Priest and Acolyte" as disgusting, but not blasphemous, He knew that The Chameleon had a circulation among the students of Oxford University.

Referring to his publication, "Philosophy for the Young," Mr. Carson asked Mr. Wilde if he believed what he had written. Mr. Wilde answered, " I rarely write what I believe is true."

Continuing, Mr. Wilde said he believed that the realization of self was the primal end of life.

He said that Allen, when endeavoring to obtain money for the copy of the letter in his possession, had remarked that it might bear a curious meaning. To this, Mr. Wilde replied: "Art is rarely intelligible to the criminal classes.''

Pressed to say whether the articles In The Chameleon were not immoral, Mr. Wilde replied: "They were worse; they were badly written."

Throughout his testimony, Mr. Wilde maintained perfect composure. He frequently ran his fingers through his hair, a habit which is peculiar to him. Several times he propounded paradoxes to Mr. Carson, and in the course of the questioning, contended that the letter addressed to Lord Alfred Douglas, which was read in Court, was beautiful, but that it could not be judged as a letter, apart from art. He said he did not believe that any book could affect the conduct of the reader.

The court adjourned.