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London, April 3. -- Every available inch of the Old Bailey was occupied this morning when the marquis of Quuensberry surrendered to bail and the libel suit brought against him by Oscar Wilde was opened before Justice Collins. Oscar Wilde charges the marpuis with libel by leaving on Feb. 28, last, an uncovered card at the Albemarle club on which card was written cartain foul epithets. The marquis who wore a shabby overcoat, was placed in the dock and answered to the indictment by pleading, first, not guilty, and secondly, that the libel was true and that it was published for the public good.

Letters addressed by Oscar to Lord Alfred Douglas, second son of the marpuis of Queensbury, alleged to contain information that the plaintiff had solicited persons named to commit indecent offenses, were presented.

Oscar Wilde took the stand and testified to a visit of the marquis of Queensbury with another gentleman of his (Wilde's) home. When they arrived, the marquis ordered Oscar to sit down, whereupon the latter replied: "Lord Queensbury, I will not allow anyone to talk that way in my house. I suppose you have come to apologize. Is is possible you accuse me and your son of "sodomy?"

Queensbury replied: "I did not say it, but you look lot it and appear like it."

A letter written by Oscar which was alleged to rfleect seriously upon Oscar's relations to Lord Douglas, referring to the latter as having "rose red lips" and addressing him as "My own boy," and signed "With undying love Oscar," was read by the judge.

Counsel, amid laughter, explained that the letter might seem extravagant to those who were in the habit of writing commercial letters, but, he added, it was "mere poetry." Counsel for marquis quoted from one of Oscar Wilde's novels of modern life, "Dorian Gray," to show that the author upheld isodomy. Oscar said the description of Dorpian Gray given on page six, was taken from Shakespeare's sonnets.

Carson, attorney for Queensbury, cross-examined Wilde and brought out a story of a certain intimacy with a newsboy 18-years of age. Cross examination regarding various other boys and men, were so pointed as to be unprintable. To all of them, however, Wilde emphatically denied that he had done anything improper. The cross-examination was not completed when the court adjourned.

LONDON, April 3. -- Every available inch of the Old Bailey was occupied this morning when the Marquis of Queensberry surrendered to bail, and the libel suit brought against him by Oscar Wilde was opened before Justice Collins. Oscar Wilde charges the Marquis of Queensberry with libel, by leaving, on February 28 last, an uncovered card at the Albemarle Club, on which card was written certain epithets. As a result Mr. Wilde on March 2 caused the arrest of the Marquis of Queensberry, and the latter, at the Marlborough Street Police Court, was placed under £1,500 bail.

The aisles of the old courtroom were crowded with lawyers. Admission was obtained by ticket only, and the Sheriff in charge showed a pile of applications a foot high, many of them being from well-known people. Rumors were current in London yesterday that Oscar Wilde had suddenly left the city in order to avoid being present in Court to-day, and reports were also current that a startling development would arise to-day. But both these rumors were set at rest by the arrival in Court of the principals to the suit.

The Marquis of Queensberry, who wore a shabby overcoat, was placed in the dock and answered to the indictment by pleading first not guilty, and, secondly, that the libel was true, and that it was published for the public good.

The Marquis seemed quite unconcerned, and, replying to the question put to him, he spoke quietly and clearly.

THE TERRIBLE CARD.

Sir Edward Clarke, formerly Solicitor General, in opening the case, said that the card left at the Albemarle Club for Mr. Wilde was one of the visiting cards of the Marquis of Queensberry, and it was upon this that the libel was written. Continuing, counsel said that the gravest issues had been raised, as the defendant, in his pleadings, alleged that the plaintiff had for some time solicited persons named to commit indecent offenses.

Certain letters addressed by the plaintiff to Lord Alfred Douglas, second son of the Marquis of Queensberry, were brought to plaintiff by a man who said he was in distress, and Mr. Wilde gave him £20 with which to pay his passage to America. Another letter was handed to Mr. Beerbohm Tree, the actor, who gave it to the plaintiff.

Counsel then recounted the facts already known in the case, showing that Mr. Wilde, who had recently returned from Algiers, drove up to the Albemarle Club at about 5 p. m. on February 28, and, on entering the club, was handed an envelope by the hall porter, Sidney Wright, who said that the Marquis of Queensberry had desired him to hand it to Mr. Wilde. The exact words were:

"Lord Queensberry desired me, sir, to hand this to you when you came into the club."

Inside the envelope plaintiff found a card on the back of which was the date, 4:30, 18, 2, 1895, and on this card were written certain foul epithets, which formed the basis of the suit.

OSCAR IS HEARD.

Oscar Wilde was then called, and he languidly arose from the Solicitor's table, at which he had been seated, and entered the witness box. The plaintiff was faultlessly dressed in a long blank frock coat, and carried his gloves in his hands, showing his fingers to be covered with rings. He was very pale, but was seemingly composed. Wilde spoke with his customary drawl, leaning his arms upon the rail of the witness box and replying distinctly to the questions addressed to him. The jury, which was composed of very intelligent men of elderly appearance, mainly prosperous tradesmen, eyed him with curiosity.

The witness said that upon arriving at his house a few months ago he found two gentlemen waiting in the library. One of them was the Marquis of Queensberry and the other one was unknown to the plaintiff. The former said:

"Sit down." "I replied, 'Lord Queensberry, I will not allow any one to talk that way in my house. I suppose you have come to apologize. Is it possible that you accuse your son and me of sodomy?'" "He replied, 'I don't say it; but you look like it and appear like it.'"

Counsel for the plaintiff then asked the witness about the man to whom he had given £20 with which to pay his passage to America.

Witness said: "The man told me he had been offered £60 for the letter, and I advised him to immediately accept it. But finally I gave him the money in order to relieve his distress, and he gave me the letter."

ROSERED LIPS.

The document referred to was here produced in Court and was handed to Justice Collins. The letter referred to the "rosered lips" of Lord Alfred Douglas, and the writer addressed him as "My Own Boy," and asked "Why are you alone in London?" The letter was signed "With undying love, Oscar."

Counsel, in explaining this letter, said that it might seem extravagant to those who were in the habit of writing commercial letters, but, he added, "it was mere poetry." (Laughter.)

Interest in the case was heightened when Sir Alfred Clarke, upon finishing the direct examination of his client, turned the letter over to Mr. E. H. Carson, Q. C., M., P., counsel for the Marquis of Queensberry, for cross-examination. Mr. Carson began the presentation of the case for the Marquis by reading passages from "Dorian Gray," one of Oscar Wilde's novels of modern life, to show that the author upheld sodomy, the plaintiff following counsel with a copy of the book and laughing at Mr. Carson's insinuation. Mr. Carson, addressing the plaintiff, asked: "Do you think that the description of 'Dorian Gray' given on page 6, is a moral one?"

"Yes," replied Wilde, "just what an artist would notice in a beautiful personality." "Did you ever adore madly, as described in 'Dorian Gray' any person of the male sex, younger than yourself?" was Mr. Carson's next question. In reply, Wilde said: "I took the idea from Shakespeare's sonnets."

During this portion of the proceedings the Marquis of Queensberry followed his counsel with a copy of "Dorian Gray" in his hands, with seeming enjoyment.

Wilde testified to the fact that the man to whom he gave the £20 on receipt of the letter in which he had referred to the "Rose Red Lips" of Lord Alfred Douglas, which amount was used to pay his passage to America, was named Wood.

"MERELY POETICAL."

Replying to other questions put to him by Mr. Carson, Wilde said that the letter to Lord Alfred was "merely poetical" and he added that he had "undying love" for Lord Alfred, who, he claimed, was his best friend. The witness denied having misconducted himself with Wood. The latter, he added, was introduced to him by Lord Alfred Douglas, who asked him to befriend the man. Wilde and Wood, it was also shown by the cross-examination, addressed each other by their Christian names.

It was also developed during the cross-examination of Wilde that in writing he did not concern himself to produce morality or immorality. He had no purpose in matter and was concerned merely with literature, beauty, wit and emotion. He rarely thought if anything he wrote was true; indeed, he might say never, in regard to "Dorian Gray."

Sir Edward Clarke objected to Mr. Carson cross-examining his client on that novel as it appeared in Lippincott's Magazine, and not as it was published in England. Wilde thereupon descended from the witness box, and whispered a few words to his counsel, after which Sir Edward Clarke withdrew his objection.

The cross-examination was very severe, and brought out the great differences in the ages of Oscar Wilde and Lord Alfred Douglas (the former born in 1856 and the latter in 1870), how the two had visited various towns together, stopped at the Savoy Hotel together, and how Lord Alfred visited Wilde's chambers in St. James Place, which the plaintiff maintains in addition to his house at No. 10 Tite street S. W. Mr. Carson then drew out Wilde's opinions regarding literature in general, to which line of cross-examination the plaintiff made many smart responses in the same line as in his plays.

"The interpretation of my works does not concern me," said Wilde. "I do not care twopence for what the Phillistines think about me."

A HANDSOME NEWSBOY.

But Mr. Carson severely repressed the levity of the witness, and began the more serious phase of the cross-examination by questioning Wilde about his intimacy with a newsboy 18 years of age, belonging to Worthing, and brought out the fact that Wilde took the boy to a hotel at Brighton.

"Why do you seek the boy's society?" Mr. Carson asked. "Was it for an intellectual treat?" "Oh, he was a bright, careless, amusing creature," replied the witness.

Mr. Carson here produced a silver cigarette case, a handsome silver-mounted cane and a book, which Wilde admitted he had presented to the newsboy referred to.

The cross-examination then touched upon Wilde's relations with various boys and men, and the questions put to the witness were so pointed as to be unprintable.

Wilde, however, emphatically denied that he had done anything improper, but he was troubled and confused under the terrible cross-examination to which he was subjected, and frequently drank water. In fact, he seemed ready to faint, and a chair was placed inside the witness stand for his use. Throughout the questioning the Marquis of Queensberry stood facing him, and did not take his eyes of the man in the witness box.

The cross-examination of Wilde was not finished when the Court adjourned for the day at 5 p. m.

A large crowd of people assembled about the Old Bailey in order to see Wilde leave the Court.